
There are several culinary landscapes I visit in my dreams. The pioneered American West of Laura Ingalls Wilder and Willa Cather where wealth was measured by a fully stocked cellar. Imagine fixing a dessert out of freshly fallen snow or breathing in summer air that smells of baked bread from the abundant wheat. Dijon, where Mary Frances K. Fischer spent the first years of her first marriage learning cooking technique from her landladies while tasting the wines of Burgundy. Today it would only take three hours to drive from Dijon to Paris, the setting of The Sun Also Rises. The allure of Paris is in the intimacy Ernest Hemingway develops with it; in this novel it’s hard to choose between Spain and France. It was in the latter that Hemingway wrote satisfaction only arrived to him after having written one true, real thing. The Sun Also Rises salutes that; this Paris of the 1920’s is shrouded with a sadness relieved only by tangible, material elements. The truth is always in the banal. A good cognac, a hearty meal, a night of absolute inebriation. For our narrator Jake, a vacation in Pamplona is meant to offer relief from his Parisian life. As the story shifts locations, food and drink become definitive symbols of the character’s well being.
Jake and his group of friends are admitted “drunks” which is conveyed as an observation rather than insult. Cognac, brandy (fines), cocktails and wine are imbibed continuously, with only one moment highlighting the modesty behind the aperitif. The word is taken from the Latin aperire which means “to open”. The moment is appropriate; Hemingway has begun the story with Robert Cohn, forced down a quick fine and nudged him out of his office. A day later, Cohn returns to fall asleep in Jake’s office after a sleepless night of “Talking”. Jake says, “I could picture it. I have a rotten habit of picturing the bedroom scenes of my friends. We went out to the Cafe Napolitan to have an aperitif and watch the evening crowd on the Boulevard”. Aperitifs are a European tradition of serving a light, dry cocktail of low alcohol content before a meal. Usually mixed with a wine or liquor fortified with herbs, roots and or fruits, they are meant to stimulate one’s appetite. Campari and Dubonnet are common ones often had alone; Vermouths are also well known and come in several contrasting versions. Once the drink has gone, Robert leaves Jake alone to appreciate the city. He is the only of his friends to feel certain about Paris. He likes the rhythm, the streets, the coffee and brioche.
Jake hosts a friend from New York. His first evening in Paris, Bill is already tight and wants hard boiled eggs for dinner. Jake suggests “a regular meal” on the island, the Ile de la Cite where the Notre Dame cathedral is located. Madame Lecomte has a great restaurant he never visits, “It was crowded with Americans and we had to stand up and wait for a place. Some one had put it in the American Women’s Club list as a quaint restaurant on the Paris quais as yet untouched by Americans, so we had to wait forty five minutes for a table.” They have a good meal, one that resonates with our times; roast chicken, new green beans, mashed potatoes, a salad, and some apple pie and cheese. This is the only meal described in Paris. Jake and Bill drink for fun, the way two people with old camaraderie do. After dinner they meet Jake’s friends: Brett and her fiancee Mike. Of course it is Brett’s dominating beauty, arbitrary codependency and general weak will that creates most of the turmoil in the story. Many men love her, no one can really have her. Jake has previously made plans to visit Spain with Robert and Bill, here adding Brett and Mike to the roster. Henceforth, Brett’s relations with Cohn will strain the group dynamic. Only the dining scenes untouched by her will retain the wholesome quality Jake and Bill enjoy here.
Jake and Bill end up trout fishing alone. They enjoy each other’s company in the tranquil setting of Burguete, a small village high in the Pyrenees. The men stay at an empty yet expensive inn offering unlimited wine. Upon arrival they drink a pitcher of hot rum punch to warm up. For supper, “The girl brought in a big bowl of hot vegetable soup and the wine. We had fried trout afterwards and some sort of a stew and a big bowl of wild strawberries. We did not lose money on the wine and the girl was shy but nice about bringing it. The old woman looked in once and counted the empty bottles. After supper we went upstairs and smoked and read in bed to keep warm. Once in the night I woke and heard the wind howling. It felt good to be warm and in bed”. That cushy, pleasant sentiment contrasts starkly against Paris, and what is to come later. Jake has a hard time sleeping in his Paris flat because the darkness amplifies his everyday pain.
After five days of fishing they return to Pamplona where they are reunited with Robert, Brett and Mike. Robert is relentlessly and unrequitedly hung up on Brett, his emotions creating a debacle that make the group miserable. After watching the bulls run into their corral when they arrive in Pamplona, they all sit down to dinner. Their first dinner together has a horrid formality to it. Jake tells us, “It was like certain dinners I remember from the war. There was much wine, and ignored tension, and a feeling of things coming that you could not prevent happening. Under the wine I lost the disgusted feeling and was happy. It seemed they were all such nice people.” Actually they were were rotten people sometimes, continuing to make bad decisions through the San Fermin fiestas. In the whirlwind of bullfighting and intoxicated dialogue, we receive scattered detail about their inconsequential meals; coffee and buttered toast for breakfast, shrimp and beer for lunch, and hard boiled eggs to snack on.
Food is brushed to the side while the drama develops. Not until after the fiestas, when Jake is alone in Bayonne does he bring attention to a meal, “It was a big meal for France but very carefully apportioned after Spain. I drank a bottle of wine for company. It was a Chateau Margaux. It was pleasant to be drinking slowly and to be tasting the wine and to be drinking alone. A bottle of wine was good company. Afterward I had coffee. The waiter recommended a Basque liquor called Izarra. He brought in the bottle and poured a liqueur glass full. He said Izarra was made of the flowers of the Pyrenees. The veritable flowers of the Pyrenees. It looked like hair oil and smelled like Italian strega. I told him to take the flowers of the Pyrenees away and bring me a vieux marc. The marc was good. I had a second marc after the coffee.” Jake is damaged at the end of it all and takes nourishment for granted. The alcohol is taken as a mental lubricant of sorts. From the Bordeaux region, Chateaux Margaux was rumored to be Hemingway’s favorite wine. Always timely, the author begins to close Jake’s story with a digestif, literally meaning digestive in French. An after dinner drink meant to aid digestion, Izarra is one example. Made with dozens of herbs in Bayonne, Izarra comes in yellow and green, the first taste like almonds, the latter like peppermint. The vieux marc Jake prefers is most likely a brandy made from marc grapes, their skins, seeds, and stalks followed by an aging process in oak casks. Only two days later, Jake is summoned to Madrid by Brett. He has a meal of suckling pig and three bottles of rioja alta. They go for a ride through town, and are exactly where the story begins: neither here nor there.
Posted at 12:41pm.